How to update printer firmware safely

Print a configuration or status report, or look in the printer's settings for About, Printer information or a firmware version entry. Write the version down so you can confirm the update worked.

On the manufacturer's official support site, find your exact model and read the release notes. Some updates change which cartridges the printer accepts, so if you use non-original cartridges, check this before updating. Security and Wi-Fi fixes are good reasons to update even if the printer seems fine.

Make sure the printer is on a power outlet you won't need to switch off, has a steady network or USB connection, and isn't in the middle of a job. Load some paper in case it prints a confirmation page.

On models with a screen and an internet connection, look for Firmware update, Printer update or Check for updates under Setup, Settings, Tools or Maintenance. The printer downloads the update directly from the manufacturer. Many models also let you turn automatic updates on or off here.

If there is no update menu, download the firmware updater for your exact model and operating system from the manufacturer's official support site. Never use firmware from third-party download sites, pop-ups or links in emails. Then follow the Windows or macOS steps.

The update can take several minutes and may restart the printer more than once. Never turn off or unplug the printer, disconnect its cable or close the updater during this time. Wait until the printer returns to its normal home screen or ready light.

Print another configuration report and check that the firmware version has changed. Then print a test page from your computer to make sure everything still works.

On the manufacturer's official support site, enter your exact model number (it's on a label on the printer) and choose your version of Windows. Look for a firmware section, which is sometimes listed under software and drivers.

Plug in a laptop. If your PC goes to sleep quickly, lengthen the sleep timer for now under Settings > System > Power & battery (called Power on some desktops, and Power & sleep on Windows 10).

Close other programs that might print, then open the downloaded file. If Windows asks whether to allow the app to make changes, check that the publisher shown is the printer manufacturer before clicking Yes. Select your printer when asked, and don't close the updater until it reports success.

On the official support site, select your model and macOS version. Many makers now deliver firmware through the printer's own menu or their app instead of a Mac download, so if nothing is listed, use the printer menu method.

Connect a MacBook to power and leave the lid open until the update finishes, so the Mac doesn't sleep part-way through.

Open the downloaded file and follow the prompts, selecting your printer when asked. If macOS asks you to confirm opening an app downloaded from the internet, make sure it came from the manufacturer's official site. Don't close the updater until it reports success.